The public transport system in towns is quite reliable. A network of public transport – usually buses and trolleybuses (and trams in Bratislava and Košice) – cover most of the towns. Operating hours are usually approximately from 5:00 to 23:00. After 23:00, selected towns operate night services on specific routes. Every town is responsible for running its own public transport system (“mestská hromadná doprava”, abbreviated MHD).

Common Features

Public transport is the most widely used means of transport in towns. Timetables can be found at public transport stops, on official websites, mobile applications and journey planners.

Tickets can be purchased in different ways depending on the town and transport operator. They are usually available from ticket machines, sales points, mobile applications, SMS services or online platforms. In some cities, tickets can also be purchased directly from the driver, while in others this option is not available. Electronic tickets and mobile applications are increasingly common. SMS tickets are available in several Slovak cities, although conditions (such as availability for foreign mobile numbers) may differ depending on the transport operator.

Ticket systems vary from town to town. There are usually:

• time-based tickets (allowing transfers within a specified period of validity);
• single-journey tickets;
• day tickets or multi-day tickets.

Fares may depend on the city’s tariff system or transport zones. Tickets are usually valid only after activation/validation according to the rules of the transport operator. Additional tickets may be required for large luggage, bicycles or animals, depending on local regulations.

If you are staying longer in a particular town and use public transport regularly, it is recommended to buy a travel pass (season ticket), such as a 30-, 90- or 365-day pass. The conditions for obtaining a travel pass vary between cities. Many cities now offer electronic travel cards or mobile applications instead of traditional paper passes.

It is always helpful to consult local transport websites or information centres for current conditions. Children, students and seniors usually travel at reduced fares, but eligibility requirements and discounts vary between towns.